Rararwar Kwararran Tsokaci ta Yaushe ta Shawara Daya kwararraka 47 Miliyan Yara a Duniya

Rararwar Kwararran Tsokaci ta Yaushe ta Shawara Daya kwararraka 47 miliyan yara da matasa masu shekara 20 da kuma tsawon shekara a duniya a shekarar 2021 suna rayuwa da rararwar kwararran tsokaci da ko da yaushe da tsokaci. Wannan rararwa, mai alama da wuyar tsokaci, rashin iya tsokaci, ko kuma rashin iya tsokaci da tsokaci, yana nuna mataki mai muhimmi a matakin lafiya. An bayyana cewa a duniya akwai kwararran 1.78%, wanda yana nuna cewa kwararraka yara 1 a 56 ke da wannan rararwa.

Ostraliya ita ce al’umma da yawa da wannan rararwa, da kwararran 5.62%, da sauran yankuna kamar Australasia a gabansa. A hanyoyin wasu, kamar Afirka ko Asiya, akwai kwararruwa masu tsintsi, da yawa saboda rashin samun sabis da cututtukan da ake bukata. Yaushe waɗannan tsarin yankuna a tsakani ya kan saboda daban-daban al’adu da ake kira da alamar rararwar.

Daga cikin yara, masu lafiya sun fi mace, da kwararran 2.52% a tsakani da 0.99%. Wannan tsarin farila ya kan saboda masu lafiya a yaushe sun fi nuna alamar rararwar masu nufin gani, kamar tsokaci, waɗanda ke ƙara shawarwa ga iyaye da malaman makaranta. A mace, alamar rararwar na iya zama da sauri, saboda sun fi yi amfani da kwarin ruwa da rashin tsokaci, kamar yin barazana ko rashin tsarin ayyuka.

Adadin yara da wannan rararwa ya ƙara da kwararraka 10% tsawon shekara guda da 30, amma wannan ƙwararruka ya kan saboda ƙwararran addadin al’umma a duniya. A halin gaskiya, kwararran kwararruka da sabuwar cututtuka sun ƙasa sauri, 6% da 5.8% a jiya. Wannan yana nuna cewa adadin yara da wannan rararwa yana tsaye, ko kuma yana ƙasawa sauri, duk da cewa a wasu al’ummu aka fi gano wannan rararwa.

Wannan rararwa na iya yin muhimmin tsaka-tsaki a rayuwarsu. A shekarar 2021, ya sababa wa ƙwararran 575,000 shekara da lafiya mai kyau a cikin yara da matasa masu shekara 20 da kuma tsawon shekara. Wannan adadin ya hada da shekarun da suka rayu da rashin iya ayyuka, amma ba a hada da mutuwa a gabansa, saboda rararwar ba ta nuna alama mai hancin mutuwa. Duk da haka, bincike masu sabuwa sun nuna cewa mutane masu wannan rararwa sun fi samun hatari na tsoro ko kima, wanda zai iya nuna cewa ƙwararran cututtuka na iya zama da sauri.

Alamar rararwar a yaushe ya faru a tsakani na shekara 3 zuwa 12, da kwararran gano a tsakani na shekara 5 zuwa 9. Tsaka-tsakin ya fi yawa a tsakani na shekara 10 zuwa 14, lokacin da ake bukata sabuwar ayyuka a makaranta da al’umma. Daga shekara zuwa shekara, wasu yara suka sami saurin rararwar, amma da yawa sun ci gaba da rashin saurin a matasa, saboda rashin aminci da rashin alhaki a tsakani.

Al’ummu masu ci gaba sun samu kwararran rararwa masu yawa. Ba wannan ba yana nuna cewa rararwar ta fi yawa a waɗannan al’ummu, amma yana nuna cewa sabis na lafiya a waɗannan al’ummu ke da sabis mai kyau don gano wannan rararwa. A yankuna da rashin kayayyaki, kamar Afirka ta Kudu ko wasu yankuna a Asiya, akwai wasu cututtuka da ba a gani ba. Iyaye a yaushe suka bukata tafiya tsawon mile da yawa don samun mai ilimi, da sauran suna tsaya a cikin jarida masu tsawon wata da yawa, don haka aka ƙwace wa cututtuka.

Sababbin rararwar ya hada da daban-daban sababbi, da hada da tsarin jini da al’adu. Ba wannan ba yana nuna cewa akwai daban-daban tsarin jiki a tsakani na al’ummu. Yaushe waɗannan tsarin farila a tsakani ya kan saboda daban-daban hanyoyin da ake kira da alamar rararwar. Misali, a al’ummu da ba a yi wa tsokaci damar ba, yara suka fi samun shawarwar gano.

A ƙarshe, duk da cewa adadin yanzu ke bayyana tsarin gaskiya, zai iya zama da sauri. Hanyoyin da ake amfani da su don adadin kwararruka a yaushe suka hada da amfani da tsarin bayyana, a yankuna da rashin bayanai. Ina ma, ƙwararran cututtuka da wannan rararwa ba a hada da cututtuka masu dacewa, kamar tsoro, fargaba, ko rararwar halin rayuwa, waɗanda ke ƙara saurin rayuwarsu.

Rararwar Kwararran Tsokaci ta Yaushe ta Shawara Daya kwararraka 47 miliyan yara da matasa masu shekara 20 da kuma tsawon shekara a duniya a shekarar 2021 suna rayuwa da rararwar kwararran tsokaci da ko da yaushe da tsokaci. Wannan rararwa, mai alama da wuyar tsokaci, rashin iya tsokaci, ko kuma rashin iya tsokaci da tsokaci, yana nuna mataki mai muhimmi a matakin lafiya. An bayyana cewa a duniya akwai kwararran 1.78%, wanda yana nuna cewa kwararraka yara 1 a 56 ke da wannan rararwa.

Ostraliya ita ce al’umma da yawa da wannan rararwa, da kwararran 5.62%, da sauran yankuna kamar Australasia a gabansa. A hanyoyin wasu, kamar Afirka ko Asiya, akwai kwararruwa masu tsintsi, da yawa saboda rashin samun sabis da cututtukan da ake bukata. Yaushe waɗannan tsarin yankuna a tsakani ya kan saboda daban-daban al’adu da ake kira da alamar rararwar.

Daga cikin yara, masu lafiya sun fi mace, da kwararran 2.52% a tsakani da 0.99%. Wannan tsarin farila ya kan saboda masu lafiya a yaushe sun fi nuna alamar rararwar masu nufin gani, kamar tsokaci, waɗanda ke ƙara shawarwa ga iyaye da malaman makaranta. A mace, alamar rararwar na iya zama da sauri, saboda sun fi yi amfani da kwarin ruwa da rashin tsokaci, kamar yin barazana ko rashin tsarin ayyuka.

Adadin yara da wannan rararwa ya ƙara da kwararraka 10% tsawon shekara guda da 30, amma wannan ƙwararruka ya kan saboda ƙwararran addadin al’umma a duniya. A halin gaskiya, kwararran kwararruka da sabuwar cututtuka sun ƙasa sauri, 6% da 5.8% a jiya. Wannan yana nuna cewa adadin yara da wannan rararwa yana tsaye, ko kuma yana ƙasawa sauri, duk da cewa a wasu al’ummu aka fi gano wannan rararwa.

Wannan rararwa na iya yin muhimmin tsaka-tsaki a rayuwarsu. A shekarar 2021, ya sababa wa ƙwararran 575,000 shekara da lafiya mai kyau a cikin yara da matasa masu shekara 20 da kuma tsawon shekara. Wannan adadin ya hada da shekarun da suka rayu da rashin iya ayyuka, amma ba a hada da mutuwa a gabansa, saboda rararwar ba ta nuna alama mai hancin mutuwa. Duk da haka, bincike masu sabuwa sun nuna cewa mutane masu wannan rararwa sun fi samun hatari na tsoro ko kima, wanda zai iya nuna cewa ƙwararran cututtuka na iya zama da sauri.

Alamar rararwar a yaushe ya faru a tsakani na shekara 3 zuwa 12, da kwararran gano a tsakani na shekara 5 zuwa 9. Tsaka-tsakin ya fi yawa a tsakani na shekara 10 zuwa 14, lokacin da ake bukata sabuwar ayyuka a makaranta da al’umma. Daga shekara zuwa shekara, wasu yara suka sami saurin rararwar, amma da yawa sun ci gaba da rashin saurin a matasa, saboda rashin aminci da rashin alhaki a tsakani.

Al’ummu masu ci gaba sun samu kwararran rararwa masu yawa. Ba wannan ba yana nuna cewa rararwar ta fi yawa a waɗannan al’ummu, amma yana nuna cewa sabis na lafiya a waɗannan al’ummu ke da sabis mai kyau don gano wannan rararwa. A yankuna da rashin kayayyaki, kamar Afirka ta Kudu ko wasu yankuna a Asiya, akwai wasu cututtuka da ba a gani ba. Iyaye a yaushe suka bukata tafiya tsawon mile da yawa don samun mai ilimi, da sauran suna tsaya a cikin jarida masu tsawon wata da yawa, don haka aka ƙwace wa cututtuka.

Sababbin rararwar ya hada da daban-daban sababbi, da hada da tsarin jini da al’adu. Ba wannan ba yana nuna cewa akwai daban-daban tsarin jiki a tsakani na al’ummu. Yaushe waɗannan tsarin farila a tsakani ya kan saboda daban-daban hanyoyin da ake kira da alamar rararwar. Misali, a al’ummu da ba a yi wa tsokaci damar ba, yara suka fi samun shawarwar gano.

A ƙarshe, duk da cewa adadin yanzu ke bayyana tsarin gaskiya, zai iya zama da sauri. Hanyoyin da ake amfani da su don adadin kwararruka a yaushe suka hada da amfani da tsarin bayyana, a yankuna da rashin bayanai. Ina ma, ƙwararran cututtuka da wannan rararwa ba a hada da cututtuka masu dacewa, kamar tsoro, fargaba, ko rararwar halin rayuwa, waɗanda ke ƙara saurin rayuwarsu.

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Document de référence

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-026-03683-4

Titre : Incidence, prevalence, and global burden of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from 1990 to 2021 across 204 countries in individuals under age 20: data, with critical appraisal, from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study

Revue : Molecular Psychiatry

Éditeur : Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Auteurs : Samuele Cortese; Min Seo Kim; Jong Hoon Han; Sarah Soyeon Oh; Dong Keon Yon; Jae II Shin; Marco Solmi