Does Diet Influence Attention Deficit Symptoms in Children?

Children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders often consume fewer essential nutrients than others. Recent research conducted in Portugal analyzed the eating habits of 76 children aged 6 to 10, of whom 43 had this disorder. The results reveal that these children eat significantly fewer healthy fats such as omega-9 and omega-3, as well as vitamin C, compared to those who are not affected.

Scientists identified seven distinct nutritional profiles by studying their diet over three days. Although no major differences emerged between the two groups, a profile rich in antioxidants and minerals tended to be less common among children with attention difficulties. Among the nutrients studied, vitamin A and selenium stand out. A deficiency in vitamin A is linked to an increase in concentration and impulsivity problems. Selenium, on the other hand, appears to play a role in regulating emotional and social behaviors.

These observations suggest that certain deficiencies could worsen symptoms. Unsaturated fats, found in oily fish or nuts, are important for proper brain function. Vitamin C, known for its antioxidant properties, also contributes to the production of chemicals essential for communication between neurons. Insufficient intake of these elements could therefore affect behavior and cognitive abilities.

Researchers emphasize that diet does not directly cause these disorders, but it can influence their intensity. Medications often prescribed to manage hyperactivity sometimes reduce appetite, which can exacerbate these imbalances. Paying particular attention to meal quality could thus complement existing therapeutic approaches. These findings pave the way for tailored nutritional strategies to support affected children.

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Reference Document

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-026-03002-w

Title: Nutrient patterns in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a case–control study

Journal: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Authors: Sofia Pinto; Teresa Correia-de-Sá; Hernâni Gonçalves; Sofia Marques; Micaela Guardiano; Benedita Sampaio-Maia; Joana Ferreira-Gomes